DAO DE JING CHAPTER 31 — READING RECORD Edition / translator / source link: Chinese passage and chapter number: Literal term I am checking: Translator's chosen English wording: What is stated in the text? What is my interpretation? Which preceding/following line changes the meaning? What does the repeated mourning language add? Textual or historical question still unresolved: Modern analogy, clearly labelled as mine: Sequence to keep in view: Inauspicious weapons → different honours in military use → constrained use and refusal to glorify killing → mourning rites → grief even in victory. This is an original reading aid, not a scholarly edition, an authenticated record of Laozi's spoken words, a funeral manual or a modern policy rule. English renderings in the accompanying article are the site's own working translations of the received text displayed on the linked Wang Bi edition page.